There is some data that can provide some insight into that. The CDC provides a table for 'place of death' by age group. This would allow one to at least compare elder groups inside vs. outside long term care facilities. As you've said, dense urban housing and occupation also likely play some role. I'm not aware of any data that records such information. But, one could look at breakdowns by jurisdiction and their corresponding population density. You might also find my perspective on overall mortality for 2020 interesting.
The CDC data:
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid_weekly/index.htm#PlaceDeath
